The Problem of Evil Augustine and Irenaeus Essay Example

The Problem of Evil: Augustine and Irenaeus Paper Clarify how the theodicy of Irenaeus contrasts from that of Augustine. One of the principle contentions utilized by non-adherents against the presence of God is the nearness of underhanded and enduring on the planet. The term ‘evil’ is regularly used to depict something that is ethically off-base. Thinkers make a differentiation between moral underhanded and normal malice. Moral malice results from human activities that are ethically reproachable, and Natural fiendishness results from the failing of the characteristic world, which produces substances, for example, malady and starvation. St Augustine (354 †430CE) put together his contentions with respect to the Bible, particularly the records of the creation and the fall in Genesis. His persuasive theodicy settles upon two significant suspicions; malicious didn't originate from God since God’s creation was flawless and great, and wickedness originated from somewhere else and God is supported in permitting it to remain. Augustine began from the presumption that God is entirely acceptable and that God made a world liberated from deficiencies. Following the instructing in Genesis 1, Augustine stressed that ‘All God has made satisfied Him’; enduring and insidious were hence obscure. He made the coherent point that it isn't feasible for God to be liable for fiendish since abhorrent is ‘not a substance’. Rather, detestable alludes what exactly is inadequate in a thing; it is a ‘privation of good’. Augustine utilized the similarity of visual impairment, which isn't an element in itself yet a nonappearance of sight. In the event that God can't have made fiendishness, Augustine followed its starting point to those zones inside the world that have through and through freedom; explicitly, heavenly attendants and individuals. These manhandled God’s endowment of opportunity and picked wilfully to dismiss their consideration from God, the incomparable great, and to venerate rather ‘lesser goods’. We will compose a custom paper test on The Problem of Evil: Augustine and Irenaeus explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom exposition test on The Problem of Evil: Augustine and Irenaeus explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom article test on The Problem of Evil: Augustine and Irenaeus explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer With regards to the tale of the fall in Genesis 3, he contended that the longing for power demonstrated a lot for Adam and Eve, who were enticed by Satan, a fallen holy messenger, to break God’s order and to eat the illegal natural product. Having clarified the inception of abhorrence, Augustine proceeded to show that all enduring is a completely merited outcome of human sin. Common malice started from the loss of request inside nature following the principal sin. This decimated the fragile equalization of the world. From that point on, there was to be threatening vibe among people and different animals. People would need to fight continually to develop enough food. Agony, for example, that subsequent in labor, entered the world, alongside death. The main sin likewise made the world become removed from God. In this new and harmed condition, remote from God, moral wickedness prospered and spread. Augustine finished up his hypothesis with a token of God’s beauty: if God was essentially just, everybody would go to their legitimate discipline in Hell. Through His elegance, nonetheless, God sent His child to pass on the cross with the goal that some may be spared and go to Heaven. This shows God is tolerant just as just. Irenaeus (c. 130 †202CE), similarly as with Augustine, followed insidious back to human through and through freedom. He varies in that he concedes that God didn't make an ideal world and that underhandedness has a significant task to carry out in God’s plan for people. In contrast to Augustine, Irenaeus conceded that God is mostly answerable for fiendish. His duty stretches out to making people defectively, and making it their assignment to create flawlessly. This thought depends on Irenaeus’ translation of Genesis, where God stated, ‘Let us make man in our picture, after our similarity. ’ Irenaeus reasoned that from the outset, people were made in God’s picture and just later would form into His resemblance. For Irenaeus, being in God’s picture included having insight, ethical quality, and character, yet it needed consummation. Fruition would just be picked up upon change into God’s similarity. It was Irenaeus’ guarantee that malicious was a fundamental way to this change. Irenaeus clarified that people chose malicious, which is the reason the fall happened. However, albeit abhorrent plainly makes life troublesome, it all things considered is gainful in that it empowers us to comprehend what great is; â€Å"How, on the off chance that we had no information unexpectedly, would we be able to have guidance in that which is acceptable? † †Irenaeus. Having clarified the need of both potential and real underhanded, Irenaeus looked forward to Heaven, where everyone will have finished the advancement into God’s resemblance, and where the sufferings on Earth will have been for some time overlooked.

Expiration Date on Marriages Free Essays

As indicated by an examination from the Center of Women’s Resources, for at regular intervals a lady is either slapped, beaten and exposed to different types of misuse. In a day, twelve ladies submit to coldblooded acts caused for the most part by their friends and family or individuals they know, making brutality the main wrongdoing against ladies. Measurements shows that there are such a large number of survivors of misuse yet no activities have been finished. We will compose a custom exposition test on Lapse Date on Marriages or then again any comparative subject just for you Request Now Margie Tajon, leader of the 1-Babae Astig Aasenso (1-ABAA) party-list gathering, recommends that the proposition for 10-year termination on Marriage would reinforce marriage and not devastate it. Tajon expressed in a meeting this would permit couples to reconsider the status of their marriage. In one of her focuses she expresses that it would profit inconsistent sets who might want to be isolated lawfully yet need to experience a tiring and protracted procedure to cancel their marriage. She expressed that â€Å"Marriage cancellation cases are stopping up our courts and we need to discover a way to address the problem†. As indicated by reports there were 8,000 revocation cases revealed in 2008 and there are still all the more being pondered in courts. A marriage permit is a necessity for either a Civil or Church wedding to be held in the Philippines. The Application Form for a marriage permit must be made sure about at the Local Civil Registrar from the city, town or district where the lady of the hour or the man of the hour lives. The individual appearance of the couple is required in applying for the marriage permit. The two gatherings included will record independently a sworn application for each permit with the best possible neighborhood common enlistment center and legitimate supporting archives will be submitted. As per Philippine law a ten-day holding up period is endorsed from the documenting of the Application to the issuance of the marriage permit. The permit is substantial for 120 days from date of issuance and might be utilized anyplace in the nation. A marriage permit is much the same as some other structure applied for in the nation. Like a visa or driver’s permit which lapses, why can’t a marriage terminate as well? As per Sen. Alan Peter Cayetano: â€Å"It’s an impression of what's going on in our society,† alluding to the developing racket from ladies for additional rights and social opportunities. Senate Minority Leader Aquilino â€Å"Nene† Pimentel, Jr considers the thought as clever. â€Å"It’s the most entertaining thing I’ve heard in my life. Does it mean marriage is only a preliminary? † Pimentel said of the proposition. Pimentel included that the issue of a marriage contract with a lapse date will conflict with the conviction of the Filipino individuals that marriage is a hallowed association done according to God. We are an overwhelmingly Catholic nation and the perspectives on the individuals from the congregation are significant. The Chairman of the CBCP’s National Appellate Matrimonial Tribunal said that the proposition is â€Å"some sort of edgy way to deal with right a wrong by something incorrectly. †. He says that â€Å"It isn't right for couples to separate and here comes a proposition for them to decisively separate,†. As indicated by him there are desperate ramifications for this proposition. The most genuine of which is the passionate injury on the kids whose guardians are isolated. It will likewise create more kids and result in a populace blast. He included that a man who gets hitched at age 20 and chooses not to recharge his marriage with his better half can continue endlessly until he weds his 6th spouse at age 70. The inquiry here is in the event that we would permit something like this to occur and I say yes. We may state that the family is the essential unit of the general public and that it holds our general public together yet shouldn't something be said about the person? Families may appear to be glad outwardly however the inward operations are failed. They may state that youngsters will experience passionate injury if their folks independent. Kids likewise experience passionate injury on the off chance that they see or hear their folks battling and if these circumstances exacerbate it will prompt maltreatment not exclusively to the moms yet to the youngsters too. Our general public has an issue undoubtedly. We are stuck in the methods of the cave dwellers and our cerebrum closes itself to the more freed thoughts which truly advantage us. Step by step instructions to refer to Expiration Date on Marriages, Essay models

How to Write the Lafayette Supplement 2018-2019 TKG

How to Write the Lafayette Supplement 2018-2019 Lafayette is a private liberal arts school in Easton, Pennsylvania. The school has a close-knit community vibe and an undergraduate class of approximately 2,500 students. The acceptance rate for the class of 2022 was 29.5%. There is only one writing supplement this year. Students identify Lafayette as an excellent fit for countless reasons. In your response, be deliberate and specific about your motivation for applying to Lafayette. Why Lafayette? (20-200 words)Lafayette’s supplement basically begs for brevity, but don’t think for one second that 20 words will cut it. You only have 200 words to convince an admissions officers that your interests align with the school’s offerings, so you need to make every word count. There are two main points you need to address:Academic interests: Start by looking at the list of majors and minors on Lafayette’s website. Key in on one of your academic interests (make it as specific as possible) and find a major or minor that is closely relate d. If you’re ~still figuring out~ what your academic interests are, browse the website until you find something that sounds like it could be a good fit. Just writing that you want to major in international affairs won’t cut in: look for upper level classes and thematic concentrations to write about. There could be a research project you want to join or a professor you’re dying to take a class with, the goal is to show the reader of your essay that you’re laser focused on something specific that Lafayette just so happens to be well versed in. Extracurriculars: Your essay should tell a story, and the second part of that story is about your extracurricular plans. There’s a list of clubs and organizations where you’ll be able to find something that is related to the major that you’ve written about AND also related to the activities you were involved with in high school. Sticking with the international affairs example, that student would not shockingly be a great fit for th e international affairs club. Research what the club does, when they meet, and what they accomplished last year then write about how you plan to contribute. Your goal is to show that what you did in high school will make you a natural fit for whatever extracurricular you choose to write about.  We’re good at helping students with researching and writing. Want some help?

How I Learned With Friendship Essay - 1354 Words

I am sure most of you have heard of the saying, â€Å"You can lead a horse to water, but you can’t make it drink.† You can apply this to many experiences, but I learned this first hand with a friendship. I always have been a â€Å"people person† and with that trait I made a lot of friends. Having a lot of friends also came with a lot of experiences shared, and a lot of experiences that I have learned from. With one specific friend I learned that; if a person does not want help, you cannot help them. With the same person I learned that friendships are a two sided. Efforts to keep the friendship alive should be the same from both sides. These experiences made me realize that you cannot control the outcome of a friendship and you cannot be saddened from an unexpected outcome. I will call my friend Alex for this story. If you know the story of Alexander Supertramp, he was kind of that type of guy. Well, I met Alex Sophomore year of highschool during water polo season. He was the new kid on the team from Modesto. Right of the bat, he was easily the best water polo player on our team. I was goalie and our team had a horrible defensive, but Alex was always the one keeping up with other teams. Throughout the season, I was able to know him and other upperclassmen within the team. Toward the end of my Sophomore year, the teammates we hung out with had graduated and I did not know Alex at a personal level yet. That changed when my Junior year began. This was at the beginning of the schoolShow MoreRelatedHow Does Communication Affect Relationships Change?1437 Words   |  6 PagesEnding Interpersonal communication is heavily present in close-knit relationships. Throughout time, all communication in relationships changes whether it is for the positive, negative, or just different. Mark Knapp created a ten stage system to describe how communication in relationships change (255). The ten stages of Knapp’s system are: initiating, experimenting, intensifying, integrating, bonding, differentiating, circumscribing, stagnating, avoiding, and terminating (256). These ten stages can occurRead MoreAn Only Child At The Age Of Four1257 Words   |  6 PagesAs an only child at the age of four, I found myself creating people to play with. The only problem was they weren t exactly real people. They were imaginary friends that I spent my childhood with. We played barbies, built forts, and enjoyed all of the little quirks of my younger years together. However, as I grew older I found that the imaginary people I made up and played with, didn t fill that void of friendship I wa s looking for. We are social beings by nature and rely immensely on socializationRead MoreEssay on The Pact902 Words   |  4 Pagesskills and opposable thumbs are a few of the many advantages to being a human. Human’s ability to construct a deep and rewarding lifelong friendship is no less incredible than any of the previously mentioned traits. These friendships are an integral part of our lives each and everyday, and friendships that last can certainly help lead to ones success later on in life. I have had many very close friends in my life and they all have helped me in their own way. Their strengths and abilities have immenselyRead MoreCommunication At Close Relationships : Friends, Family, And Partner1035 Words   |  5 Pagespeople have never learned how to communicate.   Without this skill, a person is handicapped in an intimate relationship.†(..) Communication is extremely important to having a stable relationship with your friends, family and even your clo se partners. How can you define communication in close relationships slide: In a study done with hundreds of college students, they were asked what relationships were most important to them. 47% answered romantic partner, 36% answered a friendship, and 14% answeredRead MoreReflection1626 Words   |  7 Pagesourselves.† I agree with such statement; I think that listening is a skill you learn throughout time. One can pretend to listen without really getting anything out of the conversation that one is having with that other person. In the Compassionate Listening workshop, I got to do it with Rachel Kurland and I sit and listened to her talking about the moment her friend treason her. I tried to understand her plight, why would she not cut that friendship off, I understood she loved her friend, however, I couldRead MoreFriendship Rule And Relationship Ethics1367 Words   |  6 Pages Growing up I had a lot of friends through school. We had our own group of about 4-5 people. We hung out every chance we got and back then were really close. Like most chi ldhood friendships we grew apart. I’ve had good friends from my childhood, but not a best friend. It wasn’t until the end of my deployment in Afghanistan that I met a guy who was soon to be my closest best friend. We started talking and realized we had a lot in common. Even when we were 1000 miles away from home, we had a lot ofRead MoreThe Importance Of Friendship In My Life1034 Words   |  5 Pagesperson, getting to know them, feel comfortable with them is the best bond to create, a real friendship. Various people have experienced the loss of a friend, whether it be, that their friend moved away or perhaps passed away. Most have not experienced what it feels like to be left with an empty hole in their heart by the cause of a person simply deciding to leave their life with no excuse. Having a friendship could be one of the best experiences in this life, sharing moments together, moments thatRead MoreEssay on Racism in the Film Remember the Titans839 Words   |   4 Pageslessons is that of racism. In this day and age some people believe that racism is over because there are no longer any slaves, some people believe that there is still racism but that it is ok. I believe that those people would benefit a great deal from seeing this movie. I know that there is still racism, I also know that it is not ok. There is a scene in this movie where the coach takes the team on a long run in the middle of the night. They end up at the break of dawn at a cemetery. The coachRead MoreLennie Essay On Friendship989 Words   |  4 PagesFriendship Hurts Friendship: it can’t be bought, nor can it be found—it is something that is earned. Some friendships last days, weeks, years, even lifetimes. A friend is someone who gives a person the freedom to be who they rightfully are. No doubt, life is simply more pleasant with friends as some speculate. But what if the friendship was no longer the childhood bond that it used to be? John Steinbeck exposes the painful struggle of friendship in his petite novella Of Mice and Men with GeorgeRead MoreThe Holy Of Marriage : The Sacrament Of Matrimony1284 Words   |  6 Pagescovenant in many cultures. Historically, in some contexts marriage was thought of as merely a social arrangement for continuing the family name, preserving family property and cementing diplomatic arrangements. Matrimony did not incorporate the friendship dimension of marriage. (Cooke Macy, 2005) Men and women were simply married for economic reasons where love was not important. â€Å"Jesus lived and preached in a world that saw marriage primarily as an economic contract. Jews considered marriage

The Age Of Europe During The Medieval Era - 1717 Words

Between the years 500 A.D. and 1400 A.D., a time referred to as the Middle Ages occurred in Europe. This era began as the Roman Empire collapsed, following the disorder that occurred because of the destruction of the Romans. During this dark time, there was much disorder. Eventually, this time period led to the rise of feudalism, the immense power of the Roman Catholic Church, and many advancements in architecture, literacy, and art. The variety of events that occurred in this period allowed historians to label it as many things. Four of these labels are the â€Å"Age of Faith, the â€Å"Dark Ages, the â€Å"Age of Feudalism, and the â€Å"Golden Age of Europe†. During the Medieval Era, people of Europe were in disarray and disunity, and they trusted every word the church spoke; therefore, the two best labels for this era are the â€Å"Dark Ages† and the â€Å"Age of Faith.† The Medieval Era came to be labeled as the â€Å"Dark Ages† for multiple reason s. When the Western Roman Empire collapsed, many barbaric civilizations found that it was the right time to invade and gain some land in Europe, a land filled with anarchy and disunity at the time. These barbarians were one of the great causes for the Middle Ages to be labeled as dark, for they were the ones to cause violence, which then led to more events that put the Middle Ages into this category. Frantz Funck-Brentano further explains, â€Å"The barbarians have broken through the ramparts†¦ There is no longer any trade, only unceasing terror†¦ Society has noShow MoreRelatedThe Transition Of Medieval And Modern Times1235 Words   |  5 Pagestransition of Medieval to Modern happened over a long period of time. The middle ages marked a dark time in Europe’s history, and the people were anxious to get out. The Renaissance began, and art emerged to create a brighter society. During the Reformation, the country shifted away from the Roman Catholic Church, and ma ny Protestant religions emerged. The Scientific Revolution also marked a change in medical to modern by creating new ways to look at the world and mathematics. The Age of DiscoveryRead MoreThe Medieval Machine : The Industrial Revolution Of The Middle Ages1377 Words   |  6 Pages The Medieval world has a certain connotation to its meaning. People throughout time have found the era synonymous with negativity. It has often been referenced to as the middle or dark ages lending people the view of a world with little to no progress along human advancement. We often paint the picture of medieval Europe with kings, queens, lords and peasants. We also immediately thing of the bubonic plague that wiped out almost a third of the European population at the time. However, there areRead MoreEras of Time1339 Words   |  6 PagesThere have existed several eras of music throughout time, some have lasted more than others, but only a few are most remembered. Whether you’re sitting through an elementary or high school lecture about the past you are mostly likely to encounter the Medieval and Renaissance Era periods. Both of these Eras have become the standards of the past. Although, the Medieval and Renaissance Era represent two distinct cultures and worldviews of life , neither period lacks significant features or events thatRead MoreArt in the Middle Ages and The Renaissance and Its Effect in Society1017 Words   |  5 PagesThe Medieval period also referred to as the Middle Ages was the period of time between the demise of the Roman Empire and the Renaissance era; this was the period from the 5th century to the 17th century in Europe. During this time, society conformed to the feudal system which was based on the hierarchy approach which upper class had control over the lower class. Included in this class structure were kings, lords, neighboring kings, peasants and church leaders. In the Middle Ages, art evolvesRead MoreHow Truth Was Defined By Medieval Europeans1696 Words   |  7 PagesEric Green Urban British Literature 1st 3 December 2015 How Truth Was Defined By Medieval Europeans In life majority of people believe telling the truth is the correct way of living. Truth has endured the world throughout time and is seemingly unanswerable to those who do not understand it because this subject appears in every culture. Truth goes along with universal questions such as what is beauty, justice, and power. And love but none have a direct answer because they are all dependent onRead MoreThe Late Middle Ages And Medieval Times996 Words   |  4 PagesThe Middle Ages, or Medieval Times, lasted from the fifth to fifteenth centuries in European history. Specifically, 1300-1500 brought about the period known as the Late Middle Ages. In this period, a decline of the quality of life became apparent. The Late Middle Ages is viewed largely as the early beginnings of what would become the Renaissance only a couple of centuries later. Even being the late part of the Middle Ages, much of this time was still prevalently medieval much like the earlier centuriesRead MoreCultural Inf luence Of The Early Medieval Era1570 Words   |  7 Pageswill allow for new types of artwork to be produced. Artwork during the Early Medieval era, Romanesque era, and Gothic era demonstrates how local and imported ideas intermingle to produce new things. In order to fully express the idea of cultures integrating local ideas with ideas of other cultures to form new artworks, focusing specifically on architecture will allow for the theme to be fully justified. During the dynamic Early Medieval era, which dates back to 500-1000 BCE, European identity was developedRead MoreA World Lit Only By Fire : The Medieval Mind And The Renaissance : Portrait Of An Age1047 Words   |  5 PagesIn William Manchester’s â€Å" A World Lit Only by Fire: The Medieval Mind and the Renaissance: Portrait of an Age† He demonstrates the change in the Dark Ages from the dependence on religion to independent thinking. Ancient concepts were questioned and proven wrong after thousands of years , and the power of the what finally surpassed the authority of the Pope. Manchester expresses the transition within Europe from the Medieval Times to the Renaissance that included multiple changes in the intellectualRead MoreArt : Comparing Medieval Art to Renaissance Art1248 Words   |  5 Pagesxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx December 19, 2012 Comparing Medieval Art to Renaissance Art Medieval art period Medieval art covers a large scope of time. The period covered over 1000 years of art in Europe, Middle East and North Africa. The period was characterized by major art movements based on national art and regional art. There was also the aspect of revivals and artists crafts. Art historians have been successful in classifying medieval art into major periods and styles. This is oftenRead MoreThe Renaissance : A Rebirth Of The Ideas Of Ancient Greece923 Words   |  4 PagesCity States of Italy during the 14th century. The cultural resurgence began a new style of living in Europe after the horrors of the black death, and is seen as the beginning of the culture of the modern world. As Wassace K. Ferguson put in his book The Renaissance, the Italian artists grew tired of the darkness of Medieval Times and began to turn to the brighter times found in the classical ages (Doc 7). The Renaissance served as the evolutionary bridge between the Middle Ages and the 17th century

The Debated Applications of Recombinant DNA Technology Essay

â€Å"[...] any technological application that uses biological systems, living organisms, or derivatives thereof, to make or modify products or processes for specific use.† This statement is often used to describe the fundamental aim of biotechnology around the world. Karl Ereky, one of the foremost proponents of the term biotechnology foresaw that â€Å"merging biology and technology could be used to transform living substances into products that are more useful than in their natural state,† thus benefiting society by meeting human needs or demands to improve our quality life. Although the use of living systems to make a product has an established history, the modern definition of biotechnology is usually associated with recombinant DNA†¦show more content†¦Currently thousands of patients have received gene therapy, while many clinical trials are ongoing. Gene therapy is the direct transfer of genes into humans to treat a disease, constituting one of the mos t recent applications of recombinant DNA technique. Rather than altering the disease by using chemical agents, gene therapy can theoretically modify the targeted gene and resulting the disease to be cured. Different methods to transfer genes into human cells are currently under development. One of the methods of gene therapy is to remove cells such as white blood cells in the body of a patient, add a virus containing recombinant genes and then reintroduce the cells back into the patients body. As much as life has evolved, the relationship between animals and humans has remained almost identical to each other. Dideoxynucleotide sequencing commonly called Sanger sequencing illustrates the way in which DNA sequencing has revolutionized molecular biology. In order to perform the sequencing, the first step it to convert double stranded DNA into single stranded DNA by applying a technique called annealing where the samples are heated to temperatures above 90 °C, then the temperature is lowered, allowing the strands to separate and primers to join together. A Sanger reaction consists in a single stranded DNA, DNA polymerase, DNA primers and a mixture of ddNTP along with dCTP, dGTP, and dTTP.Show MoreRelatedGenetically Altering Our Future Essay1402 Words   |  6 Pagesshould be performed. One of the most controversial and debated forms of research is work done regarding the modification and alteration of the mammalian—specifically human—genome. Tremendous advanc ements in understanding the human genome trace back to Gregor Mendel’s cross breeding of pea plants, and have delved even deeper with the Human Genome project. While the research into recombinant DNA, introducing gene sequencing into originally created DNA strands in orders that would not occur naturally, hasRead MoreThe Ethics Of Medical And Biological Fields3307 Words   |  14 Pages In this current day and age, science and technology are moving forward at a rapid pace. This can lead to great strides and benefits in the medical and biological fields but also gives rise to ethical and moral questioning. Scientist worry that their research will be stifled by new laws and restrictions, while society fears that these researchers will take advantage of them if not regulated properly. This is clearly seen in the debate over stem cell research and synthetic biology, like geneticallyRead MoreEssay on transgenic animals1808 Words   |  8 Pagesregarding the ever-broadening te chnology of creating Transgenic Animals and their theorised suffering sparking a social, ethical and economic debate over cost factors of the research and development versus ultimate benefit to science aiding the benefit of our Society. Though one could persuasively argue for the benefits or risks of this process, this essay will demonstrate the future and present benefits and risks (ethical, social and economic) of this gene technology and evaluate how these advantagesRead MoreGenetic Engineering1896 Words   |  8 Pagesmedicine. To others, this new technology borders on the realm of immorality, and is an omen of the danger to come, and are firmly convinced that this human intervention into nature is unethical, and will bring about the destruction of mankind (Lanza). Although humans have altered the genomes of species for thousands of years through artificial selection and other non-scientific means, the field of genetic engineering as we now know it did not begin until 1944 when DNA was first identified as the carrierRead MoreGenetically Modified Foods : Boon Or Bane?2145 Words   |  9 PagesProfessor Erika K Hendra English 110-1E 16 May 2016 Genetically modified foods: boon or bane? Genetically modified foods! What are they? They also known as genetically modified organisms, or GMO. A method called recombinant DNA technology is used to transfer genetic information from one organism to another, producing plants, animals, or even vaccines. The organisms that are created from this process are referred to as genetically modified organisms. Scientists pose geneticallyRead MoreGenetically Modified Organism Or Gmo1924 Words   |  8 Pagesmentioned in the media. For years its usage and dangers have been hotly debated within the science community and the general public. It seems that a good portion of the nation’s population are afraid of GMOs, and unfortunately many people that are anti- GMO are very under informed in what or how GMO is created. According to World Health Organization (WHO), genetically modified organisms are animals, plants, or prokaryotes in which their DNA is altered in a way that does not occur naturally by mating or naturalRead MoreLas 432 Research Paper: Gmos20901 Words   |  84 PagesModified Organisms and the technology involved with it. Genetically Modified Organisms and its technology, although highly debated and a topic of discussion in recent years, has been around for decades. Within this report it details the history, and processes of this technology. A process that was once done naturally through nature and deliberate actions of farmers is now being taken to new levels with scientists in a controlled scientific environment. This innovative technology is not without its legalRead MoreBCH190 Essay14810 Words   |  60 Pageslectures 3, 4, and including Chapter 2 1. Difference occurs in the sequence of long chain molecules and becomes information in biological organisms. ‘Life’ assembles itself into chains: (A) of RNA (B) all of the answers are correct (C) of DNA (D) of protein (E) none of these answers are correct 2. Which of the following foods is not a significant source of complex carbohydrates? (A) fresh fruit (B) rice (C) pasta (D) oatmeal (E) all of the above are significant sourcesRead More Genetically Modified Organisms: The European Union vs. The United States4988 Words   |  20 Pagesmethods of farming while protecting the species from insects, environmental changes, and mutations. The output coupled with the benefits of environmental protection yield better products at a cheaper price for consumers. Adam Smith would favor the technologies of genetic modification because the fertility of the land increases, as well as its abundance. This growth results in more agricultural products on the market that require less land for cultivation, and no increase in labor. The consumer is thenRead MoreSirtris Pharmaceuticals: Living Healthier, Longer9149 Words   |  37 Pagessuch as diabetes, cancer, and Alzheimer’s. The company’s research into disease, however, only partly explained its appearance on the covers of Scientific American, Fortune, and the Wall Street Journal. According to their suggestive headl ines – â€Å"Can DNA Stop Time: Unlocking the Secrets of Longevity Genes† (Scientific American), â€Å"Drink wine and live longer: The exclusive story of the biotech startup searching for anti-aging miracle drugs† (Fortune) and â€Å"Youthful Pursuit: Researchers seek key to Antiaging

Entrepreneurship Wain Stores Business Plan

Question: Discuss about the Entrepreneurship Wain Stores Business Plan. Answer: Introduction: The current business plan is based on the medium scale company, which is specialised in the production and distribution of the technological production concerning the particular components. The organisation will be emphasising on the technological concept by targeting certain needs of the customers. The organisation will be dealing in the technological product in the IT sector. The business anticipates commencing its operations out with a few employees and gradually expands into the industry. Company history Wain Stores hopes to be a medium scale company that specializes in the production as well as distribution of technological products and their specific components. The company will target the ever-changing technological concept fronted in the current world through focusing on certain needs and wants exhibited by the people (Wei et al., 2014). Through this, Wain will be able to reach out to different individuals with interests in the IT sector. The company will also offer consultancy services with regard to review and updating of software, databases as well as network administration. It will require its staff to posses high-end skills that are required in the market, hence, making them competent to effectively deal with the challenges brought forward in the industry. Current status The status of Wain remains a viable business idea which tries to seek funds and capital from investors. The business plan hopes to convince various individuals with an interest in the IT sector to consider investing in the business. It will help Wain achieve its overall objectives and targets. The company hopes to start out with a few employees and gradually grow into the industry. Industry analysis The IT industry has greatly grown over the years due to the significant advantages it offers to companies. The growth has allowed an increase in the companies that produce IT products as well as subcontracting their services. This growth rate, however, has not affected the industry since other industries have continued to grasp the concept and integrate IT in production and distribution (Patterson, 2012). This is because IT is considered fast, accurate and reliable as compared to human resource. Consequently, predictors explain an increase in the sales projections in the coming years if the trend continues. Industry structure The IT industry in Mauritius is structured in a direct manner where the consumers have direct access to the products from the company. It has eliminated the case of brokers and middlemen who inflate the prices of products (Saad, 2010). Companies have taken upon themselves to produce, package and distribute their products directly to the customers. Thus, the consumers get the products at the best price possible. Additionally, the industrial structure has helped eliminate the problem of counterfeit products that find their way into the markets in the case of intermediaries and brokers. Such products undermine the credibility of the legitimate products and services as well as encouraging black markets. Thus, the industrial structure has played a big role in ensuring that the companies are protected. The major participants and stakeholders include Microsoft, Apple, EAX Agile Solutions and Accenture. They are considered major stakeholders in the IT industry in the country and engage in ac tive decision making activities with regard to matters affecting the companies. Key success factors The major key success factor in the industry is the ability of a company to come up with new ideas and mechanisms for service delivery. Inventions and innovations are integral parts of the success of any company. The move involves establishing of proper methods of enhancing quality in the final output (Johnson, 2014). In this regard, it is vital that the company establishes measures to protect invention ideas through patents. In an industry where products are closely related, a slight change or improvement in the product will have a great overall impact on the customers. The introduction of the internet has revolutionized the IT sector through making the world a global village (Lazzarini, 2015). Current trends in the industry in Mauritius involve the use of social media to reach out to different groups of people across the world. Online marketing has also emerged along with ecommerce where products are bought and sold across the internet. Additionally, customers are able to easily ge t to know specification about the products through the internet. Market analysis The IT market ranges from a variety of individuals with computer and internet needs. Products and services offered in the industry make it unique and easy to predict the customer demands at a given time. The market is segmented with regard to needs as well as the relevant financial prowess and social status of the customers. However, age and gender have very little impact with regard to the needs of the customers since most of the products and services cut across the groups (Davenport, 2013). The financial prowess of the individual, for instance, would enable them to go for expensive phones and computers, which are considered fast and possess a higher memory (Nadvi et al., 2015). The situation also applies to the internet where higher finances enable one to go for high-speed connectivity. Buyer behaviour Consumers in the industry in Mauritius also tend to go for newer products. There is a higher demand for product change as new products are considered better and more effective as compared to the previous ones. Thus, consumers will tend to go for the latest products and services launched by the company (Nadvi et al., 2015). The consumers in the industry also exhibit brand loyalty and it is usually difficult for a company to convince them. Competitor analysis Wain faces competition from other established companies with a higher financial prowess. These companies have an existing customer bases who exhibit loyalty to their products. Consequently, it is difficult for the company to break into the market without proper and effective strategic measures. Companies such as Microsoft, EAX Agile and Accenture have been operating in Mauritius for a long time and have significant support bases. Therefore, it is imperative that proper strategies are put in place which will help guarantee the overall realization of the company objectives and targets with regard to the IT industry. Marketing plan The company needs a comprehensive market plan that would aid in its desire to conquer the IT market in the country and also globally. It hopes to be a medium scale producer within the first year of operation, hence, requiring strategies to counter the financial challenges. The aspect would put it at a great disadvantage especially when facing competition from already established companies such as Apple (Bloom et al., 2014). Thus, Wain will try to adopt a marketing plan that will guarantee the results with the limited budget it faces. Additionally, the adopted plan will also guarantee both short and long-term goals in the company, which help it a great deal. The plan, moreover, will incorporate current trends and developments in the industry as well as inclusion of innovative practices (Fleisher et al., 2015). It is important that the company deviates from the norm to easily reach out to the market. Marketing strategy The company products need to be of high quality to easily compete with the established firms. It is important to make a proper impression to the customers in order to cement a loyal base. Thus, Wain will try to avoid possible cases of faulty or poor quality products. Such aspects turn the customers away and make it difficult for the company to cement its position in the industry (Galbraith, 2011). The pricing of the products, too will be considerate of the prevailing conditions. It is important that the prices set by the company are within the industrial regulations. The company will try to avoid unfair practices by inflating or severely deflating the prices of its products. In the case of reduction in prices, caution shall be exercised since reduced prices can mean poor quality products. Promotion is also an important aspect in the marketing strategy. Wain needs to engage in vigorous product promotion activities through focusing on current trends such as use of social media. The company will directly engage the customers to determine their needs and, therefore, produce according to them (Hanrahan et al., 2013). This enables the customers understand that they are valued and appreciated. Promotion by the company will focus on distinguishing the products from the competitors as well as explaining the new products and any improvements on the previous one. Product distribution, additionally, will try to reach out to the customers directly (Lin et al., 2011).Wain needs to maintain the current industrial practice involving little use of the middlemen and brokers. It allows the customers to receive products and services within the shortest time possible as well as the best prices. Management team and company structure Board of directors Wain will be managed by a board of directors that will be responsible for the oversight of the daily activities being conducted in the company. The board shall deal with setting up of strategies according to the company cultures and traditions. Moreover, it will be the duty of the board to see to it that these strategies are implemented by the relevant departments and people involved (Prajogo, 2012). The directors will also deal with hiring of competent employees who best fit the job description and posses the relevant expertise and experience. In other cases, they may also terminate the employees contract in the event that they breach the regulations and code of conduct. The board will be elected by the shareholders to represent them and the interests of the entire company. Board of advisors There will also exist the board of advisors that will comprise independent strategists with a wide range of expertise regarding management of companies especially in the IT sector. The advisors will act as intermediaries in the companys operations with other industries (Truck, 2013). They will advise the board of directors with regard to certain decisions to be made concerning the company. The board takes up an informal nature, therefore, allowing for flexibility in structure and management. Their main roles will be provision of strategic direction, guiding quality management and assessment of program effectiveness. Company structure Wain will take up a matrix company structure with various departmental heads tasked with different activities. The managing director will be the head of daily activities and oversee the daily implementation of strategies developed by the board (Borghoff Pareschi, 2013). The director reports to both the board of directors and board of advisors. The departmental heads fall under the managing director and include the general stores manager, procurement manager, project coordinator and the production manager. These heads will oversee independent activities in the company which focus on the overall goals of the company. They report to the MD and are responsible for setting up independent strategies to ensure achievement of their targets as a department (Awaludin et al., 2016). They will also be required to work with the stipulated budget and ensure its full implementation. The departmental heads will also ensure that their employees comply with the rules and regulations and will see to i t that the overall company objectives and targets are achieved in the fiscal year Operations Plan Wain shall take up a vigorous approach to operations with a strict focus on quality of the output. The move reiterates the mission of the company to revolutionize the world through IT. Consequently, it will encourage its employees to focus on production of quality output and services. To ensure this, the company shallconduct periodic training programs which see to it that the workers skills are improved. The programs also allow the employees to be oriented on trends and developments in the industry, which help in production activities. Additionally, customer relations will also be highly regarded in the company. This is especially to the distributors who interact daily with the customers. It is important for the company to ensure customer satisfaction through proper relations and building of trust (Dahlstrom et al., 2013). The company will also try to engage in social activities to ensure it fulfills its corporate social responsibility. This involves charity work and support of community enriching activities. Wain hopes to conduct annual seminars where young children are introduced to IT at a young age. The programs will involve introducing them to coding, database management, network administration and basic computer engineering. The company, additionally, shall highly regard its immediate environment and will strive to ensure that it avoids possible cases of pollution brought about by its activities. Business location The company shall strategically locate its businesses next to city centers to ensure easy target of the markets. The urban areas have been labeled as metropolitan and hence, easy customers of the company. The location makes it easy to attract the various companies located in the CBD. Additionally, the company shall establish an online platform where customers who cannot physically locate the premises can be served. It is important to have such a platform as it helps reach out to a wider audience despite geographical differences. Moreover, it enables the company increase its sales and create a good reputation which earn it referrals in various situations. Facilities and equipment Wain will enlist various assets which help in the daily running of the company. The assets enhance continuity of the company activities over the period. Additionally, stores where its products will be kept will be properly guarded to help deter any form of unauthorized entry. The same security measure shall be enhanced in its various facilities and equipment in the various areas that they are located. This guarantees the company of trust from its customers and other companies that may have contracted its services at a particular time. Product (or service) design and development plan The companys development plan hopes to explore other aspects of information technology to effectively advance its agenda. The plan incorporates various aspects seen as the future of IT such as cloud computing and advanced coding. The move will see to it that there is full utilization of available resources in the advancement of the mission and vision statements shared by the company. It also hopes to design complex gadgets and equipment that are taunted as the future of communication in the world. Wain will also invest in research programs which seek to help solve global problems such as climate change and terrorism. The company believes that technology can play a huge part in solving some of these long term problems. Consequently, it will try to collaborate with renowned organizations of humanitarian aid to help find a lasting solution to some of these problems. Challenges and risks However, the company will face some daunting challenges and risks in the course of advancing some of these projects. Cyber terrorism is a major risk in the IT industry. There have been cases of hackers gaining illegal access to company information and selling them to the highest bidder. Such a problem can potentially damage the company especially if such information lands on the competitors hands. Wain, therefore, will set up effective mechanisms to guarantee its online security. It prevents possible cases of blackmail or force out of the industry. The fact that it will not be widely known may be difficult for it to seek for financial aid from established organizations sharing similar concerns with regard to existing global problems. Intellectual properties Wain understands the importance of protecting its intellectual properties from third parties. Therefore, it will instruct legal help to assist in protection of its ideas and concepts. The legal team outsourced by the company will see to it that the company formulates an idea, reviews its viability and implements it without possible violation of the law or conflict with another company. Moreover, they will assist the company cover aspects related to trademarks and patents (Terpstra et al., 2012). The aspects prohibit a third party from reproducing the company products without their consent or even claiming a particular idea. Financial projections Wainwill mainly rely on sale of its products as the main source of funds. The company will ensure that it produces durable and high quality products to ensure that it receives considerably high amount of funds. Additionally, the company will also offer consultancy services to companies seeking to set up computer system. Itwill advice on possible hardware and software as well as effective easy to ensure that the overall goal is achieved (Van riel et al., 2011). In other situations, the company can also be contracted to review and update software system of companies and institutions. The financial statements in its books of account exhibit the companys financial prowess. They explain the fact that Wain is in a good position to engage in business activities. The affirmation confirms that the company can effectively engage into contractual services as well as reiterating its capability to handle the various production activities. Additionally, the move will help it acquire loans from financial institution which it can use to effectively further its goal and overall mission objectives (Peppers Rogers, 2012). The company shall also allow periodic audits which help affirm its compliance with laws and regulations. Financial assumptions: Income statement assumptions: The financial document will be based on assumptions as well as projections. It helps the business to see various effects associated with financing options. Wain will hugely rely on these documents to assist in the making of viable investment decisions. They include the pro forma balance sheet as well as the cash flows. From the assumptions made in the financial statement it is found that the total amount of non-operating income consists of sales revenue generated in the first financial year of the business. It is found that total income for the first financial year consisted of $75,000 after deducting the cost of sold comprising of 25,000. In the subsequent year it is found that sales revenue is projected to be 125,000 where the organization may incur an additional cost of goods sold of 35,000. The total income arrived for the second year comprised of 90,000 with 105,000 in the subsequent year. The expenditure consists of the operating expenses comprising of advertising cost, interest expenses, office supplies etc. These cost are related with the cost of business operations. The total amount of operating expenses generated for the first financial year consists of the 15,275 followed by 16,525. In the third financial year the business is projected to incur the total non-operating expenses of 17,825. Financial ratios: Wain will also rely on ratio analysis to help understand and gauge its performance in specific departments. They are usually characterized as short term solvency, debt management, asset management and profitability. They will help the company establish independent measures in each department. The financial ratios consist of the Debt ratio, which is derived by taking into the considerations the total liabilities against the total assets. The debt ratio projected by the business is 0.58 and 0.54 for the business with total amount of debt being 25,000 for the first financial year. On the other hand, the current ratio consist of the current assets and current liabilities with 2.40 and 3.00 being incurred for the first and second financial year. The working capital ratio is computed by subtracting the current assets against current liabilities. The working capital ratio for the business consists of 2.00 for the first financial year followed by 3.00 in the subsequent year. The total asset to debt ratio is computed with 2.41 and 2.17 being projected respectively for the business during the span of two working years. The debt to equity ratio takes into the consideration the owners equity against the total amount of liabilities. The debt to equity ratio for the first financial yea r consists of 1.41 for the first financial year with 1.17 for the second year. Thus, the ratios has been computed in accordance with the business operations which helps in determining the business viability over the considerable period of time. Conclusion The business plan, therefore, is seen as a viable option for investors seeking to engage in the IT industry. It demonstrates its capability to rival established companies in the industry. Additionally, through its management, it will be able to venture into various activities which help generate income and also guarantee its survival and continuity in the future. 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